The Dukan Diet Side Effects And What You Must Know Before Starting the Diet

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The Dukan diet is a protein rich, low carbohydrate diet in four stages. Dieters can expect fast weight loss with little or no food cravings or hunger pangs. The first stage of the Dukan diet, the Attack Phase, lasts for anything up to seven days, depending on the weight loss goals, and consists of protein rich food only. This is the toughest part of the diet and people have noticed increased feelings of tiredness and occasional light headaches. A few people have experienced constipation however this often goes away in the next phase of the diet.

The Dukan Diet Side Effects And What You Must Know Before Starting the Diet

During the second phase of the diet, the Cruise Phase, vegetables are introduced into the menu. If constipation was a problem during the previous phase, dieters are encouraged to increase the amount of vegetables to ease this condition. People report increased energy with tiredness no longer being a problem during this stage. The loss of food cravings and the lack of hunger can be experienced as a wholly unexpected side-effect for the dieter, a lack of appetite. This loss of appetite can be disturbing for people for whom meal times were a big aspect of their pre-diet life. For many dieters, this loss of appetite is a welcome relief but for a few, it can be disheartening. Most people report that these feelings are temporary and the appetite returns, albeit for healthy foods such as fresh fruit and vegetables.

During the last two phases of the diet, the Consolidation Phase and the Stabilization Phase, very few side-effects are noted.

A side-effect people thinking about starting the Dukan diet express most concern about involves kidney problems. Scare-stories in the media, which have increased as this diet has become more popular, have placed undue emphasis on the link between high protein diets and problems like kidney stones. The reason a person could have problems with their kidneys is that when protein is broken down in the body, waste products can be left behind. This waste is linked with problems like kidney stones. However, as long as you drink enough water every day, this waste will be washed clear from your system. How much water you need to drink each day is considered to be two litres. This is true whether you are following the Dukan diet or not. So as long as you drink the normal required daily quantity of water (on its own or mixed in other drinks) you will be fine.

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Dr Oz's 5 Super Foods Diet to Help You Look Younger Naturally

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We all want to look younger than our real age. Some of us, the ones with a lot of money, do it by surgery. I would never do that because surgery is just not natural. Looking young naturally is important to me and the only way to achieve that is through diet and exercise. Thankfully, my mentor, Dr. Oz recently provided a list of 5 super foods on his TV show that will help you look younger.

Dr Oz's 5 Super Foods Diet to Help You Look Younger Naturally

Here is Dr. Oz's 5 super foods diet to help you look younger naturally:

1. Eggs: Eggs are one of the healthiest single foods you could possibly eat. Eggs have so much nutrition, vitamins, and minerals - Things like Omega 3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin k, protein, calcium, and much more. Specifically, Dr. Oz says that eggs contain iron, biotin and B12, all of which help to strengthen your hair.
2. Pomegranate: The juice from pomegranate seeds helps to preserve the collagen in your skin. This is important because, as people age, the loss of collagen leads to wrinkles.
3. Oatmeal: Dr. Oz says that oatmeal contains soluble fiber, which reduces the bad cholesterol.
4. Pumpkin seeds: Pumpkin seeds are a great source of magnesium, which helps to lower blood pressure and prevent heart attacks, so don't just throw out your pumpkins after Halloween.
5. Black Currants: One serving of these berries provides your body with five times more vitamin C than you would get in an orange, plus many other essential vitamins and minerals.

Again, just eating these super foods is only half the battle. To look younger naturally, you must have a healthy all-around diet, as well as regular exercise.

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Back From Extinction - The Dawn Redwood

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I love the story of the Dawn Redwood. It always gives me faith that despite all technology and science, the mystery of this world will continue to amaze us forever. Although the Dawn Redwood has been growing on this planet for over 50 million years, it was not until relatively recently that botanists and scientists even became aware that it existed as a species, and even then, they believed that it was extinct.

Back From Extinction - The Dawn Redwood

In the early 1940's, Dr. Shigeru Miki a Japanese paleo-botanist, was working with fossils from the Redwood Sequoia and Cypress trees from the United States. But what he found was not typical of either the Sequoia or Cypress trees. Both the Sequoia and Cypress trees had alternating leaves. The leaves of the fossils that he found were opposed to each other and were longer than the others. He realized that he had found a new genus of redwood and called it Metasequoia, meaning similar to the Sequoia (Meta is the Greek word for similar to). Unfortunately, he believed that it was extinct because the youngest fossils he had were over 1.5 million years old. However, he published his findings.

Surprisingly, in the same decade, but for an entirely different reason, living Dawn Redwoods were found in a very remote part of rural China. Foresters stumbled upon the small grove, and recognizing that they had never seen anything like these trees before, brought back samples. A Professor Hu with the Beijing Botanical Institute, realized after examining the leaves and having read Dr. Miki's article, that he was looking at a very much alive and not fossilized Dawn Redwood. Steps were taken to preserve the trees found only in the provinces of Sichuan and Hubei as there were only around 1000 trees alive. Villagers, not realizing what they had, had been using the trees for their daily living, feeding their cattle and using the wood for construction.

If you saw a Dawn Redwood, no doubt you would remember it. A mature tree can be over 200 feet, although most are in the 100's. It is tall with a more slender trunk than the massive trunks of the California Sequoia Redwood tree. The branches are symmetrical and curved or sloped upwards. The Dawn Redwood's bark is similar to the Sequoia with the same reddish hue, although it is more delicate (if bark can be delicate) and not as rough. The leaves/needles are almost feathery and bright green. They turn an amazing copper in the fall before they fall. A Dawn Redwood is truly a beautiful tree.

The Dawn Redwood holds a special place in my heart as we had one in our yard when we lived in California. For 25 years, it provided beauty and shade, faithfully shedding it's needles in the fall and then once again growing them in the rebirth of spring. It provided beauty to our backyard wedding ceremony, provided branches to climb for our growing children, and was a constant memorial for the various cats, dogs, turtles, and mice that were buried at it's base with little wooden crosses. Since we've moved, it's not the house or town I miss, but my own personal Dawn Redwood with it's amazing history.

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I Love Touring Italy - Verona

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If you are looking for a European tourist destination, consider the Veneto region of northern Italy on the Gulf of Venice. Venice is its best-known city and one of the most popular tourist destinations on earth. But the Veneto region is a lot more than this great city. There are excellent tourist attractions elsewhere, and you won't have to fight the huge crowds. With a little luck you'll avoid tourist traps, and come back home with the feeling that you have truly visited Italy. This article examines tourist attractions in the Shakespearean town of Verona, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Be sure to read our companion articles on northern Veneto, southern Veneto, and the university city of Padua.

I Love Touring Italy - Verona

Verona. I don't know about you, but I can't hear this word without thinking of the phrase, Two Gentlemen of Verona, a not particularly well-known Shakespeare play. Verona was the setting of a particularly well-known Shakespeare play, Romeo and Juliet. This city of more than a quarter million has a long and bloody history. Its residents are proud that on an Easter Monday more than two hundred years ago they drove out the French occupiers. The German writer Goethe and the French writers Stendhal and Valéry included Verona in their travel diaries. The Roman emperor Julius Caesar spent a lot of time here, and probably enjoyed many of the sights described next.

Verona has quite a collection of vestiges from its Roman days. Let's start with its Roman amphitheatre, the third largest in Italy. This structure is approximately 400 feet (140 meters) long and 350 feet (110 meters) wide, giving it a seating capacity of about 25,000 spectators in 44 tiers of marble seats. While only fragments of the outer walls remain, its interior is virtually intact. This edifice often hosts fairs, theatre, opera and other public events, especially during the summer.

A First Century B.C. Roman theatre was eventually transformed into a housing site but in the Eighteenth Century the houses were demolished and the site restored. Nearby you'll find the Ponte di Pietra (Stone Bridge), a Roman arch bridge crossing the Adige River, completed in 100 B.C. Retreating German troops destroyed four of the bridge arches in World War II but the bridge was rebuilt in 1957 using original materials.

You should also see the First Century Arco dei Gavi (Gavi Arch) straddling the Corso Cavour; once the main road into the city. Look for the architect's signature, a rarity for the times. French troops destroyed this arch in 1805, and it was rebuilt only in 1932.

Porta Borsari, an archway at the end of the Corso Porta Borsari street, is the façade of a Third Century gate within the original Roman city walls. This street is lined with several Renaissance Palaces. Porta Leoni (Leoni Gate) is what remains of a First Century B.C. Roman city gate. Parts of it have been incorporated into a wall of a medieval building. Even in those days some people believed in recycling. You can see the remains of the original Roman street and the gateway foundations if you look slightly below the present street level.

The Twelfth Century Romanesque Basilica of San Zeno Maggiore is quite a masterpiece. It is built upon a Fourth Century shrine to the city's patron saint, St. Zeno, the first Bishop of Verona. The basilica's splendid one hundred ten foot (seventy two meter) bell tower is worthy of mention in Dante's Divine Comedy. Both the doorway and the inner bronze door have multiple panels of biblical scenes and depictions from St. Zeno's life. Its walls are covered with Twelfth and Fourteenth Century frescoes. Its vaulted crypt contains the tomb of St. Zeno as well as the tombs of several other saints.

The small but attractive Romanesque Twelfth Century Basilica of San Lorenzo is built on the site of a Paleo-Christian church, some fragments of which remain. The huge Eighth Century Romanesque Santa Maria Antica Church was the parish church of the Scaligieri family that ruled Verona for many centuries. Many of them are buried in the complex. Some of these tombs are quite unique and well worth seeing, even if you're not a habitué of that sort of thing.

The Twelfth Century Romanesque Duomo (Cathedral) was constructed on the site of two Palaeo-Christian churches destroyed by an earthquake much earlier in the century. The site includes an unfinished Sixteenth Century bell tower. Be sure to see the chapel adorned with Titian's Assumption.
Verona's largest church is the Fifteenth Century Sant'Anastasia whose interior is considered one of northern Italy's finest examples of Gothic architecture, and believe me this competition includes many entries. The construction of this magnificent edifice took nearly two hundred years. Among its items of honor are frescoes and hunchback statues that serve to dispense holy water. It is said that touching a hunchback's hump brings good luck. Maybe next time.

San Fermo Maggiore is in reality two churches. The tomblike lower Romanesque church dates from the Eighth Century. The huge Fourteenth Century Gothic upper church is notable for its ceiling festooned with the paintings of four hundred saints. There are more churches to see in Verona but we are now going to look at castles and palaces.

The Fourteenth Century Castelvecchio (Old Castle) was built on the banks of the Adige River near the Ponte Scaligero (Scaligero Bridge), probably on the site of a Roman fortress. Built to protect against foreign invaders and popular rebellions, it included a fortified bridge in case the owners had to flee north to join their allies in the Tyrol. Over the years the castle has known many renovations and restorations. Make sure to visit its art museum, specializing in Venetian painters and sculptors.

Those Scaligeris spent a lot of their time in the Palazzo degli Scaligeri, their medieval palace, which today, as then, is closed to the general public. But you can go next door to the Arche Scaligere with its Gothic tombs of selected members of the family.

The Italian Piazza is a meeting place. Verona has some special examples. The Piazza delle Erbe (Herb Square) has been around since the days of the Romans. For ages it was a fruit and vegetable market but now is geared to tourists. It still maintains its medieval look and some of the produce stalls. The Piazza dei Signori (Gentlemen's Square) is Verona's center of activities as it has been for centuries. This square is right next door to the Scaglieri Palace. Those gentlemen didn't believe in commuting.
We can't leave Verona without visiting those star-crossed lovers, Romeo and Juliet. The Twelfth Century Casi di Giulietta (Juliet's House) long belonged to the Dal Cappello family and since it's not a long way from Cappello to Capulet perhaps... This lovely house even possesses a courtyard balcony. Yes, the house at Via Cappello, 23 probably isn't the real thing, but crowds come to gawk and dream. This could be the place to propose marriage.

What about food? Verona's cuisine features typical dishes of the Po Valley plains: mixed boiled meats, nervetti (calf's foot and veal shank salad), and risotto, often prepared with a healthy douse of Amarone wine. The Piazza delle Erbe still has some fruit and vegetable stalls selling local produce such as radicchio and asparagus. Not only the wine is classified. Verona is home to a classified cheese, Monte Veronese. But who would think that rice is also classified? The Riso Nano Vialone Veronese is a laboratory-developed rice first introduced into the area in 1945. It now represents 90% of the local production. Is it better than other rice? Locals obviously think so. I promise that I will taste it on my next trip to Verona.

Let's suggest a sample menu, one of many. Start with Gnocchi (Small Potato Dumplings). Then try Pastissada de Caval (Horsemeat Stew, often simmered in wine). For dessert indulge yourself with Pandoro di Verona (Verona Butter Cream Cake). Be sure to increase your dining pleasure by including local wines with your meal.

We'll conclude with a quick look at Veneto wine. Veneto ranks 3rd among the 20 Italian regions for the area planted in grape vines and for its total annual wine production. About 45% of Veneto wine is red or rosé, leaving 55% for white. The region produces 24 DOC wines and 3 DOCG wines, Recioto di Soave, Soave Superiore, and Bardolino Superiore. DOC stands for Denominazione di Origine Controllata, which may be translated as Denomination of Controlled Origin, presumably a high-quality wine The G in DOCG stands for Garantita, but there is in fact no guarantee that such wines are truly superior. Almost 30% of Venetian wine carries the DOC or DOCG designation.

Valpolicella DOC is a world famous wine produced north of Verona from several local red grapes. This wine is usually nothing to write home about and often tastes of cooked cherries. But that is hardly the end of the Valpolicella story. Valpolicella Ripasso is made from young Valpolicella wine put into tanks or barrels containing the lees (one could say dregs, but that might give the wrong impression) of a recioto wine (see below). The mixture undergoes a secondary fermentation and becomes a more interesting wine. Valpolicella Recioto is made from passito grapes, those dried on mats for several months. It may be a still wine, a fizzy wine, or a sparkling wine. Valpolicella Recioto is sweet or bittersweet. Amarone DOC is a type of Valpolicella Recioto whose sugar has been completely transformed into alcohol becoming a powerful tasting wine that packs a punch and ages well. What a difference between Amarone and its source wine, Valipolcella.

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When All Things Were Possible

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It was 1995. The Republicans had just won control of the U.S. House of Representatives. I was walking through the Capitol, in Washington D.C. An observer of human nature could not help but take note of the circus. It was the season of immaculate conversions. No, not of a religious nature, but political. There were so many earnest staffers and agency bureaucrats staggering around, swearing, "I was always a closet Republican, really, honest!" Republicans were on top of the world.

When All Things Were Possible

The old Democratic lobbyists sat huddled in mass, wringing their hands and discussing how to recover from Republican victories. These folks wined and dined the old political regime for decades. They reveled in the pain inflicted on Republicans by their former partners in pork and political hedonism. They had bought more liquor, ate more BBQ and hosted legislative outings to more questionable clubs than they could count in pursuit of the largess so prevalent in the corrupt atmosphere in Washington. Many of them ran to the Republicans offering bags of money. It is all they knew how to do. In the midst of it all, the Republicans were working day and night to implement "The Contract with America" they ran so successfully on.

Meanwhile, the agency heads and their political proteges were meeting with newly elected Republicans and their transition managers, desperately seeking some Republican friend who would say a kind word about them. These guys pushed a revisionist version of history, and some did it well. "Well, I tried to mitigate the impact of Clinton's awful policies as best I could and maintain my job. We were waiting and praying for the Republicans!" These declarations were spewing forth from the same people who aided and abetted Democrats every step of the way. These were some of the same guys who lied to Republicans until the end and slept in the enemy camp. It was enough to make a grown man cry or otherwise physically ill.

The Republicans apparently felt a need to keep some of these folks who knew how to make the trains run on time. Well, sort of. They felt the need for some institutional knowledge to help them over the hump of transition and new governance. However, the entrenched bureaucrats knew that, and some of the worst violators were out playing to that need. Some of the same people who hid money in agencies and played tricks with the books counted on continuing their games with the new kids on the block. Their goal was to keep the infrastructure of Democratic power brokers as intact as possible until this "aberration" corrected itself.

They marched around the Congress from transition team to transition team. Humble, helpful. Why, they were just dedicated public servants who wanted to help and to serve if they could. The sad part is that many survived because of political naivete and because of the political inbreeding so prevalent in Washington that crosses party lines. These people were masters of obfuscation and blocking, slowing progress. They helped create the labyrinth of rules and regs that served only to give them power. They would not give up that power if kept. It is how they had survived. The Republicans could not keep them, heed their counsel, become seduced by big government, and succeed.

Republicans forgot they wanted to revolutionize government, not just engage in cosmetic tinkering around the edges. Some became content to just eliminate the worst of the abuses and go back to a sort of pre-Clinton era with a modicum of moderation as the order of the day.

So after an initial flurry good efforts on the Contract, business as usual prevailed as power began to corrupt. George W. arrived cementing the GOP's place as the big government party of the "right," now managed by neocons, not real Paleo Conservatives. Then, it all came tumbling down. You cannot say you are different, and then look just like the other guys.

I told a story of walking through a graveyard near the Capitol as I came upon a headstone. The inscription read, "Here lies a politician and a statesman." I turned to my friend and said, "I didn't know that they buried two people in one grave." I hoped I could retire that joke when the Republicans arrived, but I couldn't.

If only they had drunk deeply from the well of conservative principle, and inoculated themselves with doses of character before the virus that infected the Capitol seduced them. If you had cleaned house, Grand Old Party, your reign might have been long and fruitful for the people. You forgot that when the Allies rode into Berlin, the roads were littered with uniforms and helmets of the old regime. It was hard to find anyone who was not for liberty and real reform.

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The Secret of Your David Star

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Let's start from the end. We will attempt to investigate the root of the Star of David, but first we want to say that today the Star of David is a symbol that stirs the emotions of many people. There are some who feel hatred, there are some who feel pride because the Star of David is their national symbol, and there are some people who want to keep it for themselves because they believe that the David Star is a source of power and protection.

The Secret of Your David Star

The David Star is a symbol, and there are different kinds of symbols:
1. "Object symbols," for example the heart, a symbol of love;
2. "Action symbols," such as raising a glass of wine and saying "cheers";
3. "Verbal symbols," like the word "witch" to describe a certain type of woman;
4. "Graphic symbols," for instance a painting of a house or a flower; and
5. "Religious symbols," like the cross and the Star of David.

The Star of David is also known as the David Star, Magen David, David Shield or the SoD.

The Star of David symbol first appeared on a Jewish seal dating from 700 B.C. found in the ancient city of Sidon (a port city in Lebanon), but the phrase "Magen David" was first mentioned in the Babylonian Talmud. The great Rabbi Bar-Shila said: The tefillah (prayer) grows a horn of salvation, the Haftarah - Magen David.

In the Babylonian Talmud the Star of David is used as a nickname of God: "Bless you (Baruch Ata) the Star of David."

Let's talk about the Star of David as a graphic symbol.

The name David, in its Hebrew spelling, contains only three characters, "Dalet" "Vav" and "Dalet." This is because in the Hebrew language vowels are not considered as letters, but more as pronunciation marks. So, the "a" and "i" are not counted. Therefore, the name "David," is "D" "V" and "D."

In the Paleo-Hebrew Alphabet, the "D" was written like the Greek letter of Delta, which is â^+. So, now we have the "â^+" for Delta and the "V" for the letter "Vav" (â^+ & V). It would be great for our story to tie these two symbols together in some way, but the "V" letter is a new sign and has no connection to the David Star shape. The Star of David symbol, then, is created out of two triangles (two Delta signs "â^+") on top of each other, pointing in opposite directions.

The Hebrew name for the Star of David is Magen David. Magen David means - the Shield of David. For those interested in numerology, the "Magen David" carries many strong powers. The word "Magen" (Hebrew for "shield") has the number 93 ("Mem" = 40, "Gimel" = 3 and "Nun" = 50). If you take the number 93 and view it as 9 plus 3, it equals 12, like the Twelve Tribes of Israel.

The word "David" has the number 14 ("Dalet" = 4, "Vav" = 6 and "Dalet" = 4). If you take the number 14 and view it as 1 plus 4, it equals 5 (like the Hamsa). The five is the number for the fifth letter in Hebrew, which is "Hey," the letter for Adonai (God).

Considered through numerology, we can understand why the David Star (the Magen David) became the most important symbol for the Jewish people. As they are born from the Twelve Tribes and belong to God, the "Magen David" is their most important symbol of protection.

Although the Star of David is the symbol of the Jewish nation and the Jewish faith, seen on the Israeli flag and in every synagogue, many other people in the world admire the Star of David; perhaps in connection with their belief in Kabbalah, or simply because they like its individual shape. Millions of people around the world have worn the David Star as a pendant, but, as well as being worn as jewelry, the Star of David can also be used as wall decor in any home or office to bring good fortune.

Now, what is the secret?
The acronym of the Star of David is "SoD," and the word "sod" in Hebrew means "secret". So you can use the Star of David as your secret. We don't know the secret and no one else will, but you can feel it when you have it.

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Motivate Yourself Through Habit

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The thin edge of the wedge is used to help people understand the value of will power to reach their goals. The story goes, don't let the thin edge of the wedge (the bad habit) get back in at all or it will literally drive a wedge into your new behavior. For me this has always proven to be the kicker, that thin edge always works its way back in there.

Motivate Yourself Through Habit

The secret is to turn it around the other way and use the thin edge of your wedge to crack your bad habits, be it procrastination, fear of failure, limiting beliefs, smoking, watching too much TV, over eating etc. Each time you do the new behavior, imagine the thin edge of the wedge driving into the old way of doing things. Let's have a look at how we can make it work for you.

Both good and bad, use the thin edge of the wedge to both achieve your goals and also ensure you stay on track. Most of us at one time or another (In my case all my life) have been on a diet or tried to give up a particular bad habit or vice and somehow slowly but surely the thin edge of the wedge has made its way in and sabotaged our efforts. Here is the scenario, you have done really well sticking to your diet or on track to beat than bad habit and the situation arises where you're faced with a decision, Do I accept that ice cream, cigarette or invitation to go out on the town? You know you have been good and so justify to yourself that just one won't hurt me and I will make up for it next week. So you do it and then next minute you know you are justifying another one saying you may as well enjoy it while you can. Sound familiar? Absolutely. This is a scene you can use to your advantage to reach you goals Work.

The new thin edge helps you to project a new identity from within which is a very powerful concept which I will cover in more depth in another post, essentially you have to make that new behavior part of your identity. For example if you are changing your eating habits you must have an identity of someone who is thin. I used this concept to finally nail the fitness and fat up and down at 43 years of age. I took on an identity of a fitness fanatic who was into Paleo/Primal Lifestyle and then told everyone I could about what I was doing and why.

Top tips:

• Tell everyone you have a bad habit and you are going to change it, by when and most importantly START WITH WHY
• Publish it on Facebook etc with before and after pictures, make a YouTube video etc Positive Peer Group pressure is very powerful
• Imagine this as the thin edge of the wedge driving the good habit into the bad habit for the first 21 days, then defend that new habit from the thin edge of the wedge getting back in.
• Invest time and energy into your new lifestyle.
• Write about it in a blog, tweet on twitter or anything else that builds momentum and strength in your chain of good behaviour.

Use it in all aspects of your life - family, business and social - eventually it will be a big fat wedge of success.

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Emotional Intelligence - The Art of Being Human

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We all know about intelligence: the kind measured by IQ (and Mensa) tests. A measurement of verbal-linguistic and logical-mathematic skills, this appears on first consideration to be an accurate portrait of intellect. Howard Gardner, a psychologist at Harvard, theorized (and popularized) the concept of "multiple intelligences" during the past two decades, a theory which highlights types of intelligence beyond this measure: musical, kinetic, visual-spatial, and more. While critics suggest that some of these so-called "intelligences" are actually talents, Gardner counters with the proposal that if they are, so are the abilities one might have in the original concept of intelligence - that is, if we are musically talented (rather than having a high musical intellect), then we are also verbally or mathematically talented. The concepts are parallel.

Emotional Intelligence - The Art of Being Human

Daniel Goleman, a psychologist at Rutgers and visiting professor at Harvard, developed two aspects of Gardner's theory - intrapersonal and interpersonal intelligences - into what he refers to as emotional intelligence. His book by the same name, published in 1995, was a best-seller for nearly two years. His earliest work was in the field of meditation, and he directs a center dedicated to the study of meditation's effects on emotional intelligence. Currently, he is working on a concept he calls, social intelligence.

Many scientists are now studying the concept of emotional intelligence, and it is applied to business, education, politics, and many other settings. Unlike the traditional IQ, which is more or less static throughout one's life, emotional intelligence can be improved with training.

Emotional intelligence [EI] is both innate and learned. Often, the distinction is made between emotional intelligence, which a person has to some degree or another from birth, and emotional quotient [EQ], which is measurable and includes learned skills. Emotional intelligence is given many definitions, but one that I particularly like is: "the innate potential to feel, use, communicate, recognize, remember, describe, identify, learn from, manage, understand and explain emotions" [Steve Hein].

Synonyms for the concept of emotional intelligence might be: emotional sensitivity, emotional memory, emotional processing and problem-solving ability, or emotional learning ability.

There is a generally accepted, 4-branch model of emotional intelligence: emotional perception, (for example, identifying emotions in faces, music, stories), emotional facilitation of thought (such as, relating emotions to other mental sensations, and using emotion in reason and problem-solving), emotional understanding (solving emotional problems - knowing how various emotions are similar or opposite to one another, and what relations they convey), and emotional management (understanding the social implications of one's emotions and having the ability to regulate them in oneself and in others).

A simpler and more direct version is this: (1) accurately identify emotions; (2) use emotions to help you think; (3) understand what causes emotions; and, (4) manage to stay open to these emotions in order to experience the wisdom of our feelings.

Our brains have three primary regions: the neocortex, by which all cognition occurs; the brain stem, the concern of which is primal, reflexive functions designed for survival (such as breathing and heartbeat); and, the limbic system. The latter, also called the "paleo-mammalian brain", is what we know to be our emotional center. The brain developed in the primordial human, and develops in each fetus, from the brain stem upward, based on importance for survival; as the limbic system develops after the brain stem and before the neocortex, it may actually be more important to our survival than our conscious thought processes.

There's a saying in biomedicine: "That to which we give attention grows." The human species has emphasized the abilities of the neocortex for millennia, and the neocortex in present-day humans is vastly larger and more well-developed than that of our ancestors. However, the limbic system is under-developed, and the argument can be made that we would do well to place more emphasis upon this aspect of our intellect.

This is also culturally based: in Asia, for example, great emphasis is placed upon social harmony and, therefore, emotional intelligence. Connectedness is highly valued, and emotional resonance with one another the basis of society. In Korea, where I made my home for five years, this is called nunchi, "the subtle art of listening and gauging another's mood" [Hilty, Streetwise in Seoul]. It is such a powerful phenomenon that Korean people feel their thoughts might be able to be read by one another, and they keep their emotions well in check. It's also one of the cultural difficulties between Koreans and non-Asian foreigners who have no awareness of or experience with this idea.

In our brains, the amygdala is a part of the limbic system that responds quickly and dramatically to perceived threat. Designed to protect the human from harm in a world of constant physical stress, it is now somewhat obsolete in that, except for those in war zones for example, most of us are living in a "complex, symbolic reality with symbolic threats" [Goleman]. The amygdala communicates directly with the pre-frontal cortex [PFC], the "executive center" of the brain which scans all possible intellectual input for this "perceived threat" and then controls, through the left PFC in particular, the over-reaction that the amygdala would otherwise generate. Of course, many other parts of the brain also contribute to emotional intellect.

Scientists have also hypothesized and are studying the possibility of mirror neurons in humans, which are known to exist in primates; these neurons elicit a mirror image of what another organism is doing, feeling, or intending, to synchronize interaction. It seems that human brains interact as a social brain network, attuning and regulating themselves to the circuitry of one another.

The circuitry between the limbic system and the prefrontal cortex isn't fully developed until one's mid-20s, so when it comes to emotional regulation, we must teach - and be patient with - youth. All neural circuitry is malleable, able to continue to be altered and developed throughout a person's life, a quality which is called neuroplasticity. There are many ways to develop our Emotional Quotient, from tools of self-awareness such as mindfulness to a variety of meditative practices which science has shown to strengthen the left prefrontal cortex. Self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and social skills are the four areas in which the development of EQ focuses.

It's imperative for our own growth and development, as individuals and as societies, that we learn the wisdom of our emotions - necessary for decision-making and for creating a more benevolent and interconnected world.

How's your emotional intelligence? Would you qualify for a "high EQ society"? For a free test of your own emotional intelligence, I recommend this site: http://www.queendom.com/tests/access_page/index.htm?idRegTest=1121.

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An Immortal Horse

Paleo Stories :

Egyptian scholars know there is little other than fiction that can be written about the civilization that lived on the banks of the Nile in far more recent times than the beginning of the 'Old Copper Culture'. All these things are related and the old fictions are replaceable with the story of a worldwide culture with trading posts in each and every part of the world. Is there any remnant of cultural pride in Iran that treats the ancient metallurgists of their region with a different kind of respect than our history attributes to them? Does anyone think these nationalistic ideologues and pedagogues of today are real and honest presenters of fact? The whole concept of nationalism and most other 'isms' (except ecumenicism) need close scrutiny. The area of the Snake River in east central Minnesota may have been the site of copper mining when the glaciers covered the Great Lakes. Would it be possible for people 20,000 years ago to have been mining these sites and lost their access due to the glaciers? We humbly suggest this is the case and that they then returned as the glaciers melted. Petaga Point and work by Peter Bleed in 1969 may offer a starting point for that kind of thinking. He wrote The Archaeology of Petaga Point: The Preceramic Component by the Minnesota Historical Society.

An Immortal Horse

"Petaga Point is a multicomponent site in central Minnesota near Mille Lacs Lake. The earliest levels appear to have Old Copper affiliations. The stratigraphy of the site was badly disturbed by forest clearing and modern habitation, and the presented stratigraphy is basically a statistical reconstruction. In this book, Bleed is the first to suggest a possible native copper source in the area of the Snake river in east central Minnesota."(1)

This area is included in the culture we call Aztlan and involves Wisconsin sites such as Reigh, Osceola and Riverside. These sites may explain why there are no burials on Isle Royale or the Superior copper mining sites to the north. In the case of Riverside it is much later according to the archaeologic data and 1045 B.C. would have been a period of the Dark Ages when much worldwide technology was lost after the Trojan War. Walter Kenyon wrote about a site on the shores of the present day Lake Huron which was further inland and relates to a time when the Great Lakes were far differently configured.

"The Inverhuron site, located on the east shore of Lake Huron in Ontario, was excavated in 1956. The archaeological materials are contained in beach deposits, with earlier materials farther back from the present shore. A conical copper point was recovered from the limited testing of the extensive Archaic component. Kenyon compares it to those found at Farquhar Lake (Popham & Emerson 1954:18). He also describes a stone adze with an unusual form which he feels may have been derived from Old Copper celts."(2)

The next brief report raises the issue of the horse that was once native to North America. It disappeared around 8,000 B.C after the Carolina Bays Meteors that are responsible for many of the instrumentation effects in the lower to middle Bermuda Triangle region. The horse may thus have actually been used in native copper mining of America. But we are convinced the issue of who the natives are that did this mining, is significantly up in the air or an outright cover-up (If you are inclined to conspiracies other than 'LOVE' as Father Pierre de Chardin who worked on Piltdown and with Black in China, asked us to begin.).

"1954 The Old Copper Assemblage and Extinct Animals. 'American Antiquity' 20:169-170.

Quimby analyses an occurrence of deeply buried copper artifacts and associated animal bones near Fort Williams in southwest Ontario. The discovery, made in 1913 and 1916, was recorded in a geological report. Quimby reasons that the site may date to the Altithermal, approximately 3500-2000 B.C., and that the bones are those of the bison and the extinct native horse." (3)

This extinct native horse is around later than other data unequivocally states the horse was extinct in North America. It is almost too hard to believe there would be no other horse remains over a period of even a thousand years unless they were all completely domesticated and the bones didn't exist because their owners cremated them in reverence. That is indeed a possibility when one considers the relationship various Keltic peoples had for the horse (but highly unlikely due to the way horses thrive in the wild.). Might we suggest another alternative? The horses found here had been brought to America to work milling machines on the route to the Trent or other Ontario river system routes that were used once the Ottawa River was no longer the conduit for Great Lakes water? This is at the end of the Old Copper culture and the location the horse was found is in close proximity to Isle Royale. I don’t think this is a co-incidence.

In addition to the eastern routes including Lake Champlain and Memphremagog there appears to have been some overland western route that led to the Fox or Aleutian Islands and even to Vancouver Island. In collating this information a University of Minnesota researcher brings together many interesting facts that indicate southwestern Ontario became the site of processing or manufacturing for copper after the sites on the Ottawa River are reported as being no longer in use by J. V. Wright that we have spoken of often. There are many routes from Lake Huron to Lake Ontario that may have been taken during this period. One of them is only a few hundred yards or a little more than a mile from where I now live in Toronto. The Humber River may have connected with Georgian Bay. Lake Simcoe and the Trent system seem likely at certain times after 2000 B.C. when the trade may have shifted away from a heavy emphasis on copper. The horse being part of this in a period five thousand years after their extinction is hard to fathom unless we connect with the European contacts we are making.

Processing Centers of a Non-Indigenous Nature For each Route:

1975 Taxonomic and Associated Considerations of Copper Technology During the Archaic Tradition. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

This source provides the first detailed information on four sites related to the Old Copper complex. PICKEREL LAKE (aka "Sarberg"), collected 1968-71, is located in Quetico Park, southwest Ontario. Copper artifacts were found along a beach and rocky shore by campers, along with corner notched lithic points. There were indications of copper manufacture. N.B.!Steinbring examines that possibility that this site, which strongly resembles the McCollum site, may represent the last vestiges of the Old Copper complex. TULABI FALLS, Whiteshell Provincial Park, Manitoba, was excavated in 1972. The site contained 4 copper artifacts, rich faunal remains and no signs of copper manufacture. WHITEMOUTH FALLS on the Winnipeg River in Manitoba produced 1 copper artifact. The site is deeply stratified, with a middle stratum radiocarbon date of 4860 +/-150 suggesting that the earliest strata may be 7000 years old. HOUSKA POINT on the Rainey Lake in Ranier, Minnesota was excavated in 1970-71. The stratigraphy was significantly disturbed. The site produced approximately 600 copper artifacts, all characterized as fragile. Two gracile socketed forms were found in ceramic strata, and a possible socket fragment in a pre-ceramic strata. Ceramic technology in this Aztlan area was prior to in other areas, and should not be regarded in the same archaeologic period per my research. Trim bits and nuggets eroding from adjacent shoreline indicated copper manufacture on the site. (See Rapp 1984 regarding raw material source of the copper here.) Steinbring 1975 is cross-listed under Section I with notes on other contents. 1971 Test excavation at the Fish Lake Dam Site, Minnesota. 'The Minnesota Archaeologist' 31 (1):3-40.

This site, located 20 miles northwest of Duluth, Minnesota, was investigated by the University of Winnipeg in 1969. Duluth is the key area of the iron ore range of today (Mesabi) and would have been a port for the Aztlan culture when the Old Copper Civilization was mining Isle Royale. Copper artifacts were first discovered here by a collector in association with "Late Paleo/Boreal Archaic" lithic artifacts. A few copper artifacts were discovered in 1969, also with typologically Plano materials. The stratigraphy was essentially destroyed, but because there were no ceramics present all the pre-historic material was treated as a single Archaic component. Many copper artifacts were reportedly removed from the vicinity in the early 1900s, from sites which are believed to now be under water."(4)

SUMMARY AND THE X FACTOR:

We must make some guesses that are totally speculative to try to tie some of this information into a common sense perspective. The geologic record which we dealt with in earlier chapters assures us that the Hudson/Lake Champlain or Richelieu Valley was a prime conduit for the water from the Great Lakes at some point. It may have occurred at different points as the native Indians speak of the river that flows both ways. The rise of land after the glacial retreat contributes to the landforms that stand in the way of access for Lake Memphremagog or Lake Champlain to the waters of the St. Lawrence. There would have been a time before the horses of America were extinct (not the anomalous one noted, but back to 8,350 BC and before) when the glaciers still locked the mouth of the St. Lawrence. Memphremagog was probably not the mouth of any great water system at this time but pre-glacial lakes in front of the retreating glaciers would have been there at some point.

It is probably just a stretch of my fertile imagination to suggest that there were knowledgeable people who had harvested copper from the surface of the Lake Superior region before the glaciers advanced. If this 'float ore' left from earlier glacial effects had been found when the National Geographic and others acknowledge Europeans and earlier Asians arrived in the Americas would they have found them useful and returned to Europe with the information, or with other intent (Including War) to show those who threw them out of their homeland? If that occurred and they kept the verbal tradition alive through all the last stage of glacial advances that covered the Great Lakes they might also have found a time when the Connecticut River appealed to them and they began mining around 10,500 years ago or before when the lower Great Lakes were uncovered. The marble and quartz of the region around the Laurentian Shield of southern Ontario and Quebec might have been enough to interest them while waiting to get at the copper.

If this scenario has any credence it seems likely that the Chinese or Asian/Mu people were involved in Aztlan at this time and before as well. I can find no specific evidence of when the Mu people fought the remnants of the mythical Atlantis except a record on the frieze at Chichen Itza which could relate to any time period or peoples. There are lots of legends to suggest they were in contact and we know for sure they were living together in the Tarim Basin near Ürümchi; or even earlier when the Great Lop-Nor was a real Mediterranean Sea between two huge mountain ranges. Lao Tzu went there at the end of his life to see the ‘Ancient Masters’.

We know the Uighurs fought major battles around 17,000 years ago as the glaciers retreated in Asia. They might also have fought in America at this time. The racial make-up of the Uighurs is uncertain and may include a mixture of red-heads with Chinese as we saw in the Altaic region and Ürümchi. The Solutrean culture of Europe had a technology that would fit with the Clovis culture that spread across America at this time. "The Solutrean culture of western Europe, dating between 24,000 and 16,500 years ago, shows a similar lithic technology to that used to produce Clovis tools. The two cultures also share bone-shaping techniques, pebble-decorating artistry, the unusual tradition of burying stone tools in caches filled with red ocher, and other traits." This is also taken from Encyclopedia Smithsonian. (5)

So the people of America may be those who retreated before the Uighurs or they may be the Uighurs after they were thrown back or they may be totally unconnected. Nonetheless this is a period when we can fit the Aztlan culture into place near the receding glaciers of Lake Superior and Minnesota's 10,000 lakes of today. But it is even more likely that there was a great influx of people from Central Asia into North America long before these dates. AND THEY ARE NOT ASIAN! This Haplogroup X genetic marker proof is so aligned with our theory regarding certain Indian tribes as to be scary; therefore I do not want to focus on it too much. There are debunkers who say it may not be so correct and it is too early to tell. But the more recent ‘Y’ Chromosome research of Professor Jones confirms and extends the ‘X’ research. The Sioux are known to have moved from the mound builder site and we have commented on the Ojibwa of Manitoulin and their copper. The Northwest roots of the Navajo ties in with the linguistic similarity between Basque, SE Asia and Mayan through the Denhe of the Northwest as we covered before. It might be a stretch to say our trepanning connection to the Yakima in the Pacific Northwest exists but I know you will have to admit my guesswork has found great support through genetics. I also have Walter Kenyon providing something he did not fully understand in esoteric rituals having to do with trepanning; far away from the Yakima and on the eastern Copper Route to Europe and the Mediterranean.

References:

1) http://www.tc.umn.edu/ op cit., pg. 1 of 6.

2) IBID., pg. 3 of 6.

3) IBID., pg. 4 of 6.

4) IBID., pg.5 of 6.

5) [http://www.si.edu/resource/faq/nmhl/origin.htm]. pg. 1 of 6 - Encyclopedia Smithsonian.

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A Guide To Tennessee

Paleo Stories :

In 1567 when Captain Juan Pardo and his men came across a Native American town called Tanasquis. Later, European settlers moving inward came across a Cherokee town called Tanasi on the banks of the river. It is not quite certain whether both the towns (that Pardo and the European settlers found) were the same. Though the connotation of the word is not clear, some people say that it is derived from a Cherokee word meaning "winding river." The name Tennessee is attributed to Governor James Glen who used it officially in his correspondence.

A Guide To Tennessee

Tennessee was first inhabited by Paleo Indians 11,000 years ago. When the Spanish travelers first came, it was inhabited by the Muskogee and Yuchi tribes, but probably due to the European settlement in the area, the natives were forced to relocate to the west and the south. Tennessee was admitted to the union in 1796 as the 16th state, and it was the last state to break free from the Confederates in 1861. It also adopted a new constitution abolishing slavery after the Civil War and was readmitted into the union.

The state of Tennessee flanks eight other states with Kentucky and Virginia in the north and Georgia in the south. It is divided by the people of the state itself, ethnically, into three distinctive regions - East, Middle and West Tennessee. The Governor of the State of Tennessee holds his office for a term of four years and can serve a maximum of two terms. According to the U.S. census of 2005, Tennessee has a population of 5,962,959 which is a boost of 1.2 % from the previous year. The population of Tennessee is made up of 80.2% white, 16.4% lack, 2.2% Hispanic, 0.3% Native American, 1.0% Asian and 1.1% others.

Though the capital of Tennessee is Nashville, Memphis is famous for being the birthplace of rock and roll and the assassination site of Martin Luther King, Jr. It is considered a major attraction, along with Chattanooga, popular for its Ruby Falls as well as being the railway and finance hub of Tennessee.

Talking about Tennessee would be incomplete without the mention of its hero, Andrew Jackson, who was influenced by the stories his mother told him about the oppression of the laborers by the aristocracy. After his relocation to Tennessee, his love for the land intensified as he realized that there was no other possession as cherished as land. His contribution as a lawyer, military leader and politician was remarkable. When Jackson became president he realized that land was not only a prized possession for settlement but also a great motivator for trade.

Tennessee derived its strength in troubled times from music. Blues found its place in the world with W.C. Handy singing Memphis Blues, which captivated America. With the advent of the radio, Nashville country music erupted from the hearts of the Tennessee people and went out to the rest of the world. Some of the legendary singers, like Elvis Presley, have been the gift of a state abundant in talent.

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The Health Benefits of Mangosteen Juice

Paleo Stories :

Fruits and vegetables have always been the key to a healthy diet; add exercise to it and your body will reward you with tremendous energy and glowing skin. This is no secret, just a fact. While some of us love our vegetables and fruits, some can hardly swallow a handful a week. Eating smart helps a great deal in promoting good health. Try and learn a tiny bit about your daily food, and thus you will be able to eat right even if you don't consume the exact quantity required daily. The mangosteen is a fruit that is filled with all the essential vitamins and minerals needed to provide the required dose and more when consumed regularly.

The Health Benefits of Mangosteen Juice

Born in the tropical land of Southeast Asia many centuries ago, the mangosteen tree requires warm temperatures and abundant rains to grow. Its growth is slow, and it reaches its peak in about 10 years but by then it is producing huge quantities of mangosteen fruit annually. The health benefits from mangosteen juice is quicker absorbed by the body rather than eating fresh or dried. The most important health benefit from mangosteen juice probably is the rich content of antioxidants within in each fruit. Antioxidants are known for their property to fight and slow the aging process, thus providing us with wrinkle-free skin.

Drink mangosteen juice for good health. These health benefits can include such things as one's daily doze of vitamins and minerals, because mangosteens contain vitamins such as Vitamin E, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B1, calcium, potassium, iron and fiber. While the health benefits from mangosteen juice are vast, it should not be taken instead of required medicines, as it only complements our immune system by helping it fight infection and other such diseases; it does not cure any illnesses on its own. All fresh fruits and vegetables are beneficial for our health and well-being learning, which will help us stay ahead and be ready to face anything that comes our way.

Preparing our body with natural ingredients found in nature without any preservatives or additives is the only way to ensure a long, healthy and happy life. Consume fresh fruits and vegetables as often as possible to maintain yourself in great health and spirits.

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Corfu Kanoni

Paleo Stories :

The first of these two short routes from the town takes us to the famous beauty - spot known as 'Kanoni' and to the remains of ancient Corcyra.

Corfu Kanoni

On a day at any time except the summer it would be pleasant to do at least part of this route on foot. However, those without their own transport would be able to take Town Bus no. 2, which goes to Kanoni and circles Analipsi hill, the destination of our itinerary.

We start from the Spianada and move south, passing on our left the Yacht Club installations at the foot of the castle. On the right is a statue of Count John Capodistrias.

When the road reaches the bottom of the hill and begins to run along the shore of Garitsa Bay, we pass a signpost to the Archaeological Museum, which should on no account be missed. Although it is not a large collection it has some excellent exhibits, which are clearly labelled in English and Greek.

Further along we come to the Obelisk erected in 1841 to Sir Howard Douglas (1776 - 1861), a leading military theorist of his day who was Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands in 1835-40. Douglas was the author of the first textbook on naval gunnery.

Behind the obelisk, in the grounds of the police station, stands the Monument of Menecrates. The area around here was the ancient cemetery, and this monument was erected in memory of a man who was in fact not buried there; he was drowned at sea. The inscription around the top of the monument, which dates from about 600 BC, is in Archaic script and is read from right to left. It tells us that Menecrates was Corfu's consul in his birthplace, the town of Oiantheia, near Galaxidi on the north shore of the Gulf of Corinth. The monument was discovered in 1843, during road construction work, and it is supposed to have been topped by the Lion on display in the Museum.

The road continues along the front, had a narrow entrance protected by two towers, the easternmost of which has been found.

We continue up the hill. The northern side of the peninsula was protected by a wall running from the end of the Alkinoos harbour, and one part of this has survived near the modern cemetery and the monastery of the Sts Theodori. The only reason that this section of wall survived is that it was built into a Byzantine chapel. It consists of a tower about six metres high, and is locally known as the Nerantzicha tower. It is believed that the tower may have guarded one of the gates along the north wall.

Also close to this area are the very scanty traces of the Temple of Artemis. An Archaic building constructed around 590-580 BC, it had 17 columns on its long sides and 8 on its short sides, but this is more or less all that can be said about it today, since the destruction has been so great.

However, the site did produce the pediments which can be seen in the Museum, and on the site is the enormous altar, which gives some idea of the size of the original building.

The temple was brought to light during fortification work carried out by the French in 1812, diggings which also uncovered part of the ancient aqueduct.
After meandering among the fairly scattered houses at the foot of Analipsi hill, our road suddenly swings up and we burst out on to a little square with a superb view - one that has to some extent become Corfu's trademark.

This is the Kanoni, which we might translate as One-Gun Battery. The name originates with the French, who installed a cannon here. The cannon stands above the little square, next to the tourist pavilion, on the site where the Republican French installed an artillery battery in 1798. This is one of the most beautiful places in Corfu, one which wins over all the visitors to the island. No tourist should miss the experience of the superb and unforgettable view from here, at any time of the day. During the day, the light shimmers on the water beneath, and in the evening there are wonderful sunsets. Moonlit nights are magic here, too. The view must be one of the most frequently-photographed in Greece. In front of us and slightly to the right is the entrance to the Hyllaian harbour, which in ancient times was guarded by nets and a boom. Now there is a causeway across it to Perama.

To the left are two little islets, each of which has a monastery on it, neither of which is of any particular interest to the visitor. The nearer one reached by a causeway, is to Our Lady Vlachernai, and the further one, on Pontikonisi (Mouse Island) is to the Pantocrator.

There is a myth regarding Pontikonisi which perhaps requires a little explanation. The second of the great Homeric poems, the Odyssey, which, like its companion, the Iliad is generally regarded as having been written about the 8th century BC though it refers to semi-legendary events five or six hundred years earlier, mentions an island in the west called Scheria, which is the name used by other ancient writers to refer to Corfu.

What happens is as follows: Odysseus, having escaped from Calypso, is on his way home to Ithaca at last. But the sea-god Poseidon, who has had it in for him since the beginning of the poem, sees his ship and either sinks it or turns it to stone. Odysseus is washed up on the shores of Scheria, which is the kingdom of the Phaeacians, a friendly people ruled over by King Alkinoos.
The king's daughter, Nausica, had that day been inspired by a dream to go with her handmaidens to a distant beach to wash clothes. Of course the beach is the one on which the exhausted Odysseus is lying asleep. While waiting for their clothes to dry, the girls sing and play with a ball, and their cries wake Odysseus. Without revealing who he is, he makes friends with them and is taken back to the palace, where he admires the buildings, the harbours and everything else about the city and is made thoroughly welcome.

Indeed, he might well have thought about marrying Nausica and staying on Scheria, but his home is calling. A minstrel singing about the Trojan War forces him to reveal his identity and tell the Phaeacians about his travels, after which he leaves.

The relevance of this story to the route we are describing is that Pontikonisi is, according to legend, the ship which Poseidon turned to stone.

It is not alone in claiming that honour, however: one of the islets off Palaiokastritsa is also supposed to be Odysseus' ship. The truth of the matter (if there is one; Homer is not always to be relied on in matters of geography) is still far from clear, since no archaeological findings have come to light to support any of the theories.

Let it be said, however that Ermones beach on the west coast is a principal claimant for the site of the meeting between Odysseus and Nausicaa: it even has a stream of fresh water where she could have washed her clothes.

We leave Kanoni along the continuation of the one-way road system round Analipsi hill, passing amongst the hotels, restaurants and other tourist facilities which, in spite of the proximity of the airport, have made this one of the busiest parts of the island in summer.

After about 1 kilometre a road branches off to the right, in the direction of the top of the hill, and we take this.

Most of the top of Analipsi hill, which was the site of the acropolis of ancient Corcyra, is occupied by the Mon Repos estate. The mansion house which stands at the centre of the grounds (to which there is no admission) was built for High Commissioner Sir Frederic Adam in 1824 and then passed into the hands of the Greek royal family. The Duke of Edinburgh was born here in 1921. Since the abolition of the monarchy in Greece, by referendum, in 1974, the former royal properties have been the subject of legal disputes and Mon Repos, like the others, is not currently in use.

Opposite the gates to Mon Repos are the ruins of the Paleo-Christian church of St Kerkyra or Palaiopolis, which was certainly built before 450 AD, using ancient materials, and was rebuilt a number of times since then after destruction by various raiders. Its most recent destruction was by bombing in 1940. The inscription over the west entrance refers to the founding of the church by Bishop Jovian of Corfu after he had destroyed the pagan altars on the island. Pieces of the mosaic floor of the church and some other remnants of it can be seen in the Museum of Christian Art.

Most of the remains of ancient Corcyra lie inside the densely - wooded grounds of Mon Repos and thus cannot be visited. These ruins include that of the city's largest temple, a Doric building reconstructed in the 4th century BC and probably dedicated to Hera. The temple was mentioned by the historian Thucydides.

However, if we continue on up the road towards the top of the hill we can visit the Kardaki temple, another Doric building of which, however, little has survived. The temple was probably dedicated to Apollo, and was discovered by chance in 1822 by British troops digging to find out why the Kardaki spring, which was used to water passing ships, had suddenly dried up. The eastern side of the temple has fallen into the sea.

The view from the top of the hill is excellent and it is possible to see quite a large part of the Mon Repos estate, including its charming little harbour.

Returning to the Analipsi one-way system, we wind round and down the hill and come out at the southernmost extremity of Garitsa Bay. Here is the Church of Sts Jason and Sossipatros, one of Corfu's finest Byzantine monuments - indeed, one of the few buildings to have survived from this period. The saints to whom the church is dedicated are said to be those who spread Christianity on the island. Both were disciples of St Paul, and tradition has it that Sossipatros was martyred here in the time of Caligula.

Their church dates from the 11th century at the latest, to judge from the wall-painting of St Arsenius on the east wall of the narthex, which has been dated to that period. The building itself incorporates three ancient columns, each carved from a single piece of stone. The paintings of the two saints are the work of the late 16th century artist Emmanouil Tzanes, one of the principal representatives of the Cretan School of icon painting.

We are now back on the front at Garitsa, which is the end of this route.

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Medical Doctor Reverses Multiple Sclerosis by Changing Her Diet

Paleo Stories :

We all know that we can improve our health by eating a healthier diet. We all know we need to eat better. And I'm sure for the most part we know what 'eating better' means. We know that we are what we eat. But yet, very few of us choose to eat a 'healthy' diet.

Medical Doctor Reverses Multiple Sclerosis by Changing Her Diet

Typically, we only change our diet when faced with serious health challenges - heart disease, cancer, or various degenerative diseases associated with obesity.

Here's an amazing story about a medical doctor, Dr Terry Wahls, who was diagnosed with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis in 2003. Soon after, she needed a wheelchair to get around and was only able to walk short distances with two canes. After 7 years of the best medical care and the latest drugs her condition progressively worsened to the point she couldn't sit upright. She had to be reclined in a zero-gravity chair.

Things were looking pretty bleak for Dr Wahls as she witnessed the unrelenting decline in her functional health.

So what did she do? What could she do? Ate like a hunter-gatherer. She did a ton of research and decided to change her diet. Her research showed her the best way forward was to eat like a hunter-gatherer. Here's what happened:

Within 4 months she was walking throughout the hospital without a cane.

After 5 months she got on her bike for the first time in a decade.

9 months into her new way of eating, she pedaled 18 miles.

Here's the fantastic 18 minute talk Dr Wahls did for the cutting-edge and extremely informative TED talks. Inspirational stuff. She also discusses the implications of what eating the SAD diet (Standard American Diet) has done to our health and why we need a healthier diet now.

Additionally, here's an article from the osteopath, Dr Joseph Mercola's website which covers her story in-depth and offers a lot of excellent advice on improving your health with better nutrition by implementing what's commonly known as the Paleo diet. It's a long article, but well worth the read.

If changing her diet to the supposedly "basic," or "primitive" diet that the hunter-gatherers eat can do that for a debilitating condition like MS, imagine what could it do for you. Whatever your health challenges, better nutrition is only going to help you.

Even if you're not suffering from obvious health challenges like multiple sclerosis, eating better will help you feel better, perform better and live better. Ask yourself how important your health is and go for it.

Even little changes in your diet can go a long way.

Remember, if you keep doing the same things, you'll keep getting the same results.

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17 Reasons Why You Are Not Losing Weight

Paleo Stories :

1. You think you're eating healthy, but aren't. Does your diet consist of a massive amount of "products"? Low-carb or not, you want to eat real food. Flagons of diet soda, plates of pure fiber in the shape of noodles, and loaves of 1g net carb "bread" do not a Primal eating plan make. You're just feeding an addiction and consuming empty calories - sound familiar? Disregard the labels and look inside for what you know to be true: this crap isn't food, and you shouldn't be eating it. It's about way more than just low-carb.

17 Reasons Why You Are Not Losing Weight

2. You're under too much stress. The stress response system is subconscious; it responds to stimuli and nothing else. Emotional stress, physical stress, financial stress, relationship stress - I hesitate to even make these distinctions, because the body does not differentiate between sources of stress. They all cause the body to produce cortisol, the fight-or-flight hormone that catabolizes muscle, worsens insulin resistance, and promotes the storage of fat. For 200,000 years, stress meant a life or death situation. It was intense and infrequent, and the cortisol release was arresting and extreme enough to improve the chances of survival. Today, our body responds to a stack of paperwork the same way. Traffic jams are like rival war bands. A nagging boss is like a rampaging mastodon, only on a daily basis. Take a step back from your life and take stock of your stress levels - they may be holding you back.

3. You need to watch your carb intake. Carbs are key, as always, especially when you've got weight to lose. Veer closer to the bottom of the curve, taking care to avoid all processed food (hidden sugars). You might also try skipping fruit.

4. You're adding muscle. I always tell people not to get hung up on the scales so much. Those things are useful - don't get me wrong - but they never tell the whole story, like whether or not you're adding lean mass. The PB will spur fat loss, but it also promotes muscle gain and better bone density. If you're feeling good but failing to see any improvements register on the scale's measurements, it's most likely extra muscle and stronger bone from resistance training. You wouldn't know that just from the bathroom scale. If you absolutely need objective records of your progress, get a body fat percentage test (although these might not even tell the whole story) or try measuring your waist.

5. You're not active enough. Are you Moving Frequently at a Slow Pace for three to five hours every week? Remember: the near-daily low-level (between 55-75% max heart rate) movement should be the bedrock of your fitness regimen. It's easy to do (because every bit of movement counts) and it doesn't dip into your glycogen reserves (making it a pure fat burner, not a sugar burner). If you're on the low end of the spectrum, crank it up toward five weekly hours and beyond.

6. You're lapsing into Chronic Cardio. Of course, you can go too far with the low-level movement - you can begin to lapse into Chronic Cardio. When you stay above 75% of your maximum heart rate for extended periods of time, you're burning glycogen. Your body in turn craves even more sugar to replenish the lost stores, so you polish off a heap of carbs, preferably simple and fast-acting. You can continue down this route if you wish - I did, for a couple decades - but you'll gain weight, lose muscle, release more cortisol, and compromise any progress you might have made.

7. You still haven't tried IF. Results vary, but if you've seemingly tried everything else, intermittent fasting can be a great tool to break through a weight loss plateau. Make sure you've fully transitioned onto a Primal eating plan and start small. Skip breakfast and eat a late lunch. If that feels okay, skip breakfast and lunch the next time. Just take it slow and pay attention to your hunger. Eventually, try exercising in a fasted state to maximize the metabolic advantage. If all goes well, your hunger won't necessarily disappear, but it'll change. A successful IF tames hunger, makes it less insistent and demanding.

8. You're eating too much. Low-carb isn't magic. It reins in wild hunger and tames insulin, but calories do still matter - especially once you approach your ideal weight. In fact, those last few pounds often don't respond to the same stuff that worked so well to get you to this point. Eating nut butter by the spoonful and hunks of cheese without regard for caloric content may have gotten you this far, but you've got to tighten things up if things aren't working. And that's the real test, isn't it? There is a metabolic advantage to eating according to the PB, but if the weight isn't coming off, something's up - and calories may need to come down.

9. You haven't overcome bad habits or developed good ones. Be brutally honest with yourself. Do you engage in bad habits? If so, identify them. Make tentative, loose plans to disengage from their clutches, and tell people close to you. Make it public, so you can't back out without losing face. You've also got to develop good ones. Follow roughly similar guidelines as when kicking a bad habit - identification, planning, publication - and you'll be on your way.

10. You haven't purged and Primalized your pantry. Out of sight, out of mind; out of reach, out of mouth. Keep the crappy junk food out of your pantry, if not out of your house altogether. Go down the list and toss the stuff that doesn't apply. As for the rest of your kitchen, check out the fridge interiors and grocery lists of some other Primal folks for inspiration.

11. You've reached a healthy homeostasis. It may be that your body has reached its "ideal" weight - its effective, genetic set point. Reaching this level is generally painless and effortless, but it won't necessarily correspond to your desired level of leanness. Women, especially, tend to achieve healthy homeostasis at higher body fat levels. Breaking through plateaus can be hard enough, but plateaus ordained by the body itself can be nearly impossible. It's probably going to take some serious tinkering with carbs, calories, activity levels, sleep, and stress. If everything else is on point and accounted for, you may be looking at healthy homeostasis. Then, the question becomes: do you want to mess with a good thing?

12. You're low on willpower. Willpower is like a muscle. It must be used or it will atrophy. You've also got to provide fuel for your will - little victories to start out. Go for a walk if you can't muster the will for the gym. Take note that willpower, or lack thereof, might actually be an indicator of your body's needs. If you truly can't muster up the will for the gym, it may be that your body needs to recover. When that's the case, overtraining is a bigger danger than lack of will.

13. You're full of excuses. If you find yourself having mini self-contained internal arguments throughout the day (and you lose), or (even worse) lying to yourself about what you're eating and doing, you're probably also full of excuses. Read this, maybe twice, then follow up with this.

14. You haven't actually gone Primal! We get a good number of new readers on a regular basis, and not all of them take instantly to the Primal concepts. And yet they come back. They read the archives, the comments. Something draws them near, while at the same time keeping them at arm's length. Why is that? What's stopping them? If that describes you, what are you waiting for? Take the plunge. Go Primal for 30 days and see how you like it. I assure you; the many enthusiastic community members are here because it works.

15. You're not getting enough sleep. Chronic levels of sleep deprivation cause the release of cortisol, our old fat-storing friend. The biggest spike in (fat-burning, anabolic) growth hormone plasma levels occurs in deep sleep. And a recent sleep study showed that truncated sleep patterns are linked to weight gain. Get seven to eight hours of sleep a night.

16. You haven't given it enough time. The Primal Blueprint is a fat loss hack, undoubtedly, but it isn't always a shortcut. Some people get instant results from dropping carbs, grains, sugar, and vegetable oils, while others have to take a month to get acclimated and only then does the weight begin to slide off. Either way, though, this is a lifestyle. You're in it for the long run. Approach it with the right mindset and you won't get discouraged.

17. You're eating too much dairy. Some people just react poorly to dairy. We see this time and time again listed in the forums; dairy just seems to cause major stalls in fat loss for a good number of folks. There are a couple speculative reasons for this. One, folks coming from a strict paleo background may not be acclimated to the more relaxed Primal stance on dairy. Reintroducing any food into the diet after a period of restriction can have unintended consequences on body composition. Two, dairy is insulinogenic, which is why it's a popular post-workout refueling tool for athletes. Does a non-strength training PBer need to drink a few glasses of milk every day? Probably (definitely) not.

Bonus Reason: Sprinting is not part of your fitness routine. I've found that many assume that they're getting everything they need from their workouts from plenty of low level aerobic activity and a couple of strength training sessions each week. Sprinting is often overlooked, but it's one of the Primal Blueprint Laws for a reason. Nothing shreds you up faster than sprinting. I'd ease into sprints if you've never done them or are extremely out of shape or overweight. That is, I recommend you have some measure of fitness aptitude before you jump into a routine. But once you're ready do 6-8 all out sprints (with short breaks between) once a week to break a weight loss plateau when all other attempts have failed.

Consult with Tanya via Skype, email, Facetime or phone. http://www.tanyaevans.com

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Diabetic Treatment Natural Foods - Dietitians Use the Diabetic Diet as the First Line of Attack

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Diabetic Treatment Natural Foods. Dietitians use the Diabetic Diet as the First Line of Attack. Understanding the Roll of Complex Carbohydrates Might be the Key to Success.

Diabetic Treatment Natural Foods - Dietitians Use the Diabetic Diet as the First Line of Attack

When people are trying to get their hands around their diabetes, one of the most difficult areas to understand is what is a good diabetic diet. Learn how to make this specialized diet your first Line of attack. Complex carbohydrates can be the key to Success. Weight loss and exercise will follow naturally. Discover the cutting edge in this battle to reverse the symptoms of type 2 Diabetes.

Consider this scenario: At the Institute of Health's evening meal, it was an excellent healthy meal of vegetable lasagna, it is over and everyone is sitting around the dining table. The Hostess is about to clear the table. But first she checks to see if any one wants more. More lasagna, anyone? No thanks, the host asks, How about more corn or vegetables? No thanks. More salad or bread? No thanks. It was delicious, but we are full. We are full and we know it. We are finished eating. But not too full.

You might think that any delicious food that is calorically intense must also be rapidly absorbable, as sugars and fats are.

Beans and whole grains are calorically intense foods that many people find delicious. Yet if they are prepared simply and not milled, processed, or overcooked so as to render them "predigested" (and therefore too rapidly absorbed), they are not easily overeaten. That this is true is attested to by the fact that neither the members of the Institute of Health, nor anyone else who has adopted this style of eating will overeat these foods.

How about a Cookie, or white rolls

But are there foods that would induce us to eat even when we are full? Is that possible? You bet it is. And those foods are the sweet simple carbohydrate foods that you just can't stop eating: those delicious high caloric foods that are absorbed rapidly by the gut into the bloodstream.

See if this sounds familiar: Hungry? No, I'm full. Want a cookie? Umm . . . yeah, thanks. The sugar in that cookie will be absorbed into your bloodstream within minutes. Sugar is predigested carbohydrate; it requires no digestion on your part. It will be absorbed partially through the roof of your mouth while you are still chewing and partially through your esophagus while you are still swallowing; then it will be rapidly finished off in your digestive tract.

Your body knows that it is getting a caloric bonanza from that cookie. It knows, from having been fed many cookies in the past, that within seconds a large quantity of calories will be captured, absorbed, and ready to be stored away (as fat) for a rainy day. Because "capturing calories" was an important survival trait in evolutionary man, the cookie is looked on by the body as a prize. But for a diabetic this begins the dangerous cycle of blood glucose problems.

But more corn and beans on a full stomach? No, thanks. There's a lot of work to digesting and absorbing corn and beans, and there is plenty of digestion already going on.

Of course, if you add sugar or butter to the corn and beans, it's a different story. You've made at least some of each bite a rapidly absorbed food, and you just might accept the offer of more. Even salt, which acts like sugar in being highly prized by the body in spite of its overabundance in our food, can render another helping more acceptable to a full stomach.

It's a little like not your fault

Rapidly absorbed foods, especially sugars and fats, create an abnormal situation in the blood. Blood insulin and blood glucose behave abnormally in someone who consumes either a high sugar diet or a high fat diet. This is a cause for concern when it comes to overweight because the brain's hunger center (and therefore one's eating behavior) is controlled by the action of blood insulin and blood sugar. A disturbance in the hunger center can lead to obesity. And there is reason to believe that the blood glucose and insulin disturbances created by the sweet simple carbohydrate foods that contribute directly to overeating.

How to Learn What Foods are Natural and how to prepare them

The problem is that the population of the USA has No Clue what a "natural foods" diet looks like and needs an Instruction Sheet to EAT. Find an up-to-date Dietitian.

There are several excellent books and sources on the subject:

Live Longer Now, The First 100 Years of Your Life. 3 e-Books Free downloads

http://www.provenresultshealth.com/books/index.htm

The Origin Diet

http://www.elizabethsomer.com/theorigindiet.php

Information at The Paleo Diet

http://paleodiet.com

The winner maybe just eating "real" natural healthy foods and some regular light exercise. Eating COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES may just be the simple formulae for reversing those diabetic symptoms.

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Real Weight Loss is Simple But Not Easy

Paleo Stories :

When it comes to weight loss the answer is simple and that is: less calories in than out. BUT that doesn't mean this answer is easy.

Real Weight Loss is Simple But Not Easy

Many people seem to get "simple" and "easy" confused. Just because something is simple that doesn't necessarily make it easy. And weight loss is a perfect example of something that is simple but not easy.

I think people choose to make many things including cutting weight more complicated than it really is. On the surface this doesn't make any sense, why in the world would anyone want to make something more difficult that it is?

I think the answer is as follows:

If something is simple (like eating less) and you can't do it, then you might feel embarrassed, or ashamed of yourself for not being able to get to your bodyweight goal. It's a serious shot to your confidence and your ego if you cannot do something that seems so simple.

It's hard to admit to yourself that something so simple can be so difficult (simple things aren't always easy things). Therefore to not feel like a total failure people latch on to a belief that dropping weight must be very complicated to justify why it is difficult.

I'll be the first to admit that weight loss isn't "easy" but it's totally simple. Eating less is the goal, but finding a way to eat less is the hard part, and in many cases discouraging.

Here are a few more examples of things that are SIMPLE but not EASY:

Running 15 kilometers - almost anyone with two functioning legs can run at least some short distance (without becoming fatigued), but running for 15 kilometers non-stop isn't easy.

Doing 100 push-ups - for most people the push up motion is pretty easy to do, but doing 100 of them is exhausting. The concept of a push up is simple, but doing 100 of them isn't necessarily easy.

Holding your arm straight out in front of you for 5 minutes without putting it back down is simple, but not easy. I hope you can now see the difference between simple and easy and how you might confuse one with the other.

To protect your feelings you might try to make something that is simple and (but not easy) into something that both complicated AND not easy.

Fitness and nutrition marketers know that people get discouraged when they attempt to lose weight and find out how hard it is. They also know that you don't want to believe that something so simple is so hard so they sell you complicated and expensive solutions that seem to justify why it is so hard.

It's much easier for you to believe that something so hard is also very complicated (kind of like doing a complicated calculus problem or trying to learn how to read and write in a new language)

This is how the fitness industry comes up with a never ending stream of complicated weight loss solutions for you to waste your money on year in and year out.

Just think of all the complicated 'solutions' that marketers have tried to sell in the past 10 years like: low carb, blood type diets, paleo diets, raw foods, high protein, carb cycling, special meal timing etc.

Each of these diets will show you success stories of people who have used their program and I'm sure they're all true. So if each one of these diets can produce similar results for all kinds of different people then there must be something they all have in common, and that is LESS CALORIES.

As long as you choose not to accept the simple answer of calories in vs calories out, you will always be susceptible to fitness marketing claims that promise a more complex and much more expensive solution.

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New Dinosaur Discovery - Perhaps the Biggest Dinosaur of All Time

Paleo Stories :

Alamosaurus Rivals Largest Titanosaurs after Recent Fossil Discovery

New Dinosaur Discovery - Perhaps the Biggest Dinosaur of All Time

For a long time, this Late Cretaceous Titanosaur called Alamosaurus sanjuanensis was the only known representative of the Titanosaur group in North America. Recent discoveries have revealed that other types of long-necked dinosaur may have migrated north from South America towards the end of the Age of Reptiles. At an estimated twenty-one metres in length, scientists already knew that this particular dinosaur was a giant, but they had suggested that it was relatively lightly built and when compared to the leviathans of the Titanosaur group such as Andesaurus, Antarctosaurus, Paralititan and Argentinosaurus it remained only a "middle-weight" amongst some super-heavy-weight dinosaurs.

However, the discovery of some more fossilised bones ascribed to A. sanjuanensis may lead scientists to re-think their estimates for the size of this particular beastie, putting the Alamosaurus up there with some of the biggest land animals of all time.

New research from Montana State University's Museum of the Rockies and the State Museum of Pennsylvania has unveiled enormous bones from North America's biggest dinosaur. Trust the Americans to find a dinosaur potentially as big as some of the gigantic Sauropods known from South America.

In a paper published in the scientific journal - "Acta Palaeontologica Polonica", Montana State University researcher Denver W. Fowler and co-author Robert M. Sullivan from Harrisburg, Pa., describe two enormous vertebrae and a femur (thigh bone) that the team collected in New Mexico during expeditions that ran sporadically from 2003 to 2006.

The fossilised bones have been assigned to the species A. sanjuanensis, a dinosaur that shared the Late Cretaceous habitat of the south-western United States with the formidable predator T. rex.

Commenting on the new fossil bones, Fowler stated that Alamosaurus had been known for some time; its remains were first described in 1922 from the Naashoibito beds of New Mexico. More bones have been discovered in New Mexico, Utah, some really nice material from Texas, including a few partial skeletons. So the story about big things coming from the state of Texas could be true after all.

The size and scale of the newly discovered specimens indicates that Alamosaurus may have to be put up there with some of the dinosaur super-heavy-weights, perhaps rivalling the South American giants for the title of the largest land-living animal known to science.

Montana State University researcher Dr. Holly Woodward, had shown in an earlier study that the femur thought to have come from an adult was still growing. Previous height and weight estimates based on the femur and the vertebrae are going to have to be revised and scaled upwards.

Just how big was Alamosaurus?

Just how big? That is the question, scientists can't really be sure, more fossilised bones are needed so that a more complete study can be carried out. Ontogeny in Dinosauria is not a precise science. Dinosaurs for example, may have been subject to indeterminant growth, that is they kept growing throughout their lives. The longer a Sauropod lived the bigger it got - this makes determining maximum size for such creatures rather difficult.

Over the past two decades or so, Argentinian and Brazilian palaeontologists have been unearthing bigger and bigger dinosaurs, putting the rest of the world in the shade. However, these new finds not only show that Alamosaurus is newly recognised as the biggest dinosaur from North America, but also that it was right up there with the biggest South American species: the US is back in the fight for the No.1 spot when it comes to the biggest dinosaurs.

Although comparison of the new Alamosaurus bones with the South American species gave the researchers an idea of size, giant specimens of Sauropods like Alamosaurus and Argentinosaurus are only known from very fragmentary remains offering only a tantalising glimpse of what a complete Alamosaurus might look like.

The scientists would be delighted to find a more complete, adult skeleton to study. Fortunately, Alamosaurus bones are quite common in the Naashoibito of New Mexico, so the researchers have a good chance of going back and finding more.

With the title of the "World's Largest Dinosaur" up for grabs perhaps some new sponsors will be happy to come forward to assist the scientists with their research - the race just might be on.

Tyrannosaur Fossils Found at the Same Dig Site

Large Titanosaur specimens are not the only fossils the scientists have found as they explore the Alamosaurus beds. For example, the team unearthed a broken Tyrannosaurus tooth, perhaps belonging to a T. rex that broke a tooth when feeding on the Alamosaurus carcase.

The discovery of the broken tooth indicates that large Tyrannosaurs (potentially T. rex) co-existed with large Titanosaurs. They shared the same ecosystem. Some scientists have suggested that in the north of its range T. rex specialised in hunting Hadrosaurs and Ceratopsians whilst in the south they were mainly predators of Titanosaurs such as Alamosaurus.

The Alamosaurus discovery goes beyond just "size" bragging-rights, and may have important implications for other dinosaurs. Recent discoveries by American palaeontologist Jack Horner's and his paleo lab at the Museum of the Rockies have highlighted the importance of understanding growth and ontogeny in interpreting dinosaur evolution.

It seems that there is a lot more to learn about these super-sized, prehistoric animals and with researchers keen to explore the Alamosaurus beds, it seems that new fossil material may be found in the near future, thus providing scientists with more evidence as to just how big some of these dinosaurs could be.

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